Question 1

What is the ABCDE rule for melanoma?

Accepted Answer

ABCDE stands for: Asymmetry (one half differs from the other), Border (irregular or blurred edges), Color (uneven shades of brown, black, pink, red, or blue), Diameter (larger than 6mm), and Evolving (any change in size, shape, or color). Any of these signs warrants a dermatological evaluation.

Question 2

What are the stages of melanoma?

Accepted Answer

Melanoma is staged from 0 to IV. Stage 0 (in situ) is confined to the epidermis and has an excellent prognosis. Stages I-II involve increasing thickness and ulceration. Stage III indicates spread to nearby lymph nodes. Stage IV means distant metastasis. Early detection at stage 0-I leads to cure rates above 95%.

Question 3

How is melanoma different from other skin cancers?

Accepted Answer

Unlike BCC and SCC, melanoma develops from melanocytes (pigment cells) and has a higher risk of spreading to other organs if not caught early. However, when detected at an early stage, melanoma is highly treatable with surgical removal.

Question 4

How often should I be screened for melanoma?

Accepted Answer

If you have risk factors (fair skin, many moles, family history of melanoma, history of sunburns), annual full-body skin checks are recommended. High-risk patients may need more frequent screening every 3-6 months. Monthly self-exams are important for everyone.

Question 5

Is melanoma hereditary?

Accepted Answer

About 10% of melanoma cases have a familial component. If a first-degree relative has had melanoma, your risk is 2-3 times higher than the general population. Genetic counseling may be recommended for families with multiple melanoma cases.

Question 6

What happens after a melanoma diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

The next step is usually a wide local excision to remove the melanoma with appropriate safety margins. Depending on the thickness (Breslow depth), a sentinel lymph node biopsy may be recommended for staging. Your dermatologist will establish a follow-up surveillance schedule based on the stage.

Question 7

Why is melanoma particularly relevant in Israel?

Accepted Answer

Israel has one of the highest melanoma incidence rates globally due to its high UV index and outdoor culture. The Israel Cancer Association reports thousands of new melanoma cases annually. Regular screening and sun protection are especially important for residents.

Melanoma

Symptoms

Treatment Options

Why Mohs Surgery?

Frequently Asked Questions

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